Passes 4

Sanskrit DoneWinner

passes_p4_d60m

d60m (68.9M parameters) on plus_all v2 subset (155M tokens), trained on RTX 3060 12GB (Home GPU). Started 7 Oct 2026, ended 7 Oct 2026.

Hypothesis

A fourth pass over the same text still improves held-out scores at F10's data-to-size ratio, rather than mostly adding memorisation.

What we learned

Better: ex-Gita 0.6612, 0.87% below three passes (clean_v1 0.6831, -0.87%), past the noise bar, for 1.33x the compute. Gita 2.4% lower (more memorised), Vedic flat. Recommended for the next 700M run.

Scores

Bits per byte, lower is better; change against the parent run, Passes 3.

ex-Gītā (headline)
0.6612
bits per byte
−0.9%
ex-Gītā, clean_v1
0.6831
bits per byte
−0.9%
Pooled, all five sets
0.6533
bits per byte
−0.9%
Validation split
0.6523
bits per byte
−0.9%
Bits per byte on each test set
Test setPasses 4Passes 3 (parent)Change
DCS gold (classical)0.66980.6754−0.8%
Bhagavad-gītā (memorisation)0.44510.456−2.4%
Out of domain0.66550.671−0.8%
Prose0.6280.6353−1.1%
Vedic (Ṛgveda)0.89210.8913+0.1%

Curves

Training loss

Cross-entropy per token, by step. The first few percent of the run, far higher, run off the top; hover or the table has every value.

Held-out bits per byte

The validation split, evaluated during training, by step. Lower is better.

Throughput

Tokens per second, by step.

Model

Preset
d60m
Parameters
68,924,160
Outside embeddings
56,636,160
Layers · heads · width
8 · 12 · 768
Tokenizer
SLP1 unigram 8k

Muon + AdamW, rope, qk_norm, relu^2, untied head, weight decay (F10 recipe)

Data

Slice
plus_all v2 subset (155M tokens)
Words
—
Training tokens
155,261,295
Passes
4 passes
Tokens seen
621,084,672

Compute

GPU
RTX 3060 12GB
Where
Home GPU
Steps
12,636 / 12,636
GPU hours
3.85
Cost
—
Spot restarts
—

Lineage

homed60m